Đọc thêm Nét chủ đạo

  • Theodor Adorno, tr. Rodney Livingstone, In Search of Wagner, London 2005 (ISBN 978-1-84467-344-5)
  • Peter Burbidge and Richard Sutton, The Wagner Companion, London, 1979. ISBN 0-571-11450-4
  • R. Donnington, Wagner's 'Ring' and its Symbols, London, 1979
  • William Drabkin, 'Motif', in New Grove Dictionary of Music, London 1995, vol. 12
  • Donald Jay Grout and Hermine Weigel Williams (2003). A Short History of Opera (4th ed.). Columbia University Press. ISBN 0-231-11958-5
  • H. Rosenthal and J. Warrack (eds.), Concise Oxford Dictionary of Opera, Oxford 1979
  • Michael Kennedy, The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Music, Oxford, 1987. ISBN 978-0-19-311320-6.
  • Barry Millington (ed.), The Wagner Compendium, London 1992
  • Alexander Rehding, review of Christian Thorau, "Semantisierte Sinnlichkeit: Studien zu Rezeption und Zeichenstruktur der Leitmotivtechnik Richard Wagners" in Opera Quarterly vol. 23 (Oxford, 2007) pp. 348–351
  • Christian Thorau, "Guides for Wagnerites: Letimotifs and Wagnerian Listening", in T. Grey, (ed.), Richard Wagner and his World, (pp. 133–150) Princeton 2009 ISBN 978-0-691-14366-8
  • Cosima Wagner, tr. Geoffrey Skelton, Cosima Wagner's Diaries (2 vols.), London 1980.
  • John Warrack, "Leitmotif", in New Grove Dictionary of Music, London 1995, vol. 10
  • John D. White, The Analysis of Music, (1976). ISBN 0-13-033233-X
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